See Jerusalem in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "Jerusalem"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "Jerusalem"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "Jerusalem"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "Jherusalem"
},
"expansion": "Old French Jherusalem",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "Hierusalem"
},
"expansion": "Old English Hierusalem",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "",
"3": "*Ġersalǣm"
},
"expansion": "Old English *Ġersalǣm",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "Hierūsalēm"
},
"expansion": "Latin Hierūsalēm",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "grc",
"3": "Ῐ̔ερουσᾱλήμ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek Ῐ̔ερουσᾱλήμ (Hĭerousālḗm)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "he",
"3": "יְרוּשָׁלַיִם",
"tr": "Yərūšālayim"
},
"expansion": "Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yərūšālayim)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French Jherusalem and Old English Hierusalem (the early forms imply Old English *Ġersalǣm, *Ġyrsalǣm), from Latin Hierūsalēm, from Ancient Greek Ῐ̔ερουσᾱλήμ (Hĭerousālḗm), from Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yərūšālayim).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Iherusalem",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Iherusalen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Jurselem",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "Ȝerrsalæm",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Ormulum"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"10": "{{{gen_pl}}}",
"2": "proper noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{gen}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"g": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "Jerusalem",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Jerusalem",
"name": "enm-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Cities in Israel",
"orig": "enm:Cities in Israel",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Jerusalem",
"orig": "enm:Jerusalem",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "National capitals",
"orig": "enm:National capitals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Places in Israel",
"orig": "enm:Places in Israel",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Places in Palestine",
"orig": "enm:Places in Palestine",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Jerusalem (claimed capital city of both Israel and Palestine)"
],
"id": "en-Jerusalem-enm-name-b2jKhV2~",
"links": [
[
"Jerusalem",
"Jerusalem#English"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"Israel",
"Israel#English"
],
[
"Palestine",
"Palestine#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌjɛrzaˈlɛːm/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈjɛrzalɛm/",
"note": "from Old English *Ġersalǣm"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌjurzaˈlɛːm/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈjurzalɛm/",
"note": "from Old English *Ġyrsalǣm"
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʒɛˌriu̯zaˈlɛːm/"
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʒɛˈriu̯zalɛm/",
"note": "from Old French Jherusalem"
}
],
"word": "Jerusalem"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "Jerusalem"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "Jerusalem"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "Jerusalem"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "Jherusalem"
},
"expansion": "Old French Jherusalem",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "Hierusalem"
},
"expansion": "Old English Hierusalem",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "",
"3": "*Ġersalǣm"
},
"expansion": "Old English *Ġersalǣm",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "Hierūsalēm"
},
"expansion": "Latin Hierūsalēm",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "grc",
"3": "Ῐ̔ερουσᾱλήμ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek Ῐ̔ερουσᾱλήμ (Hĭerousālḗm)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "he",
"3": "יְרוּשָׁלַיִם",
"tr": "Yərūšālayim"
},
"expansion": "Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yərūšālayim)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French Jherusalem and Old English Hierusalem (the early forms imply Old English *Ġersalǣm, *Ġyrsalǣm), from Latin Hierūsalēm, from Ancient Greek Ῐ̔ερουσᾱλήμ (Hĭerousālḗm), from Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yərūšālayim).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Iherusalem",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Iherusalen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Jurselem",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "Ȝerrsalæm",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Ormulum"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"10": "{{{gen_pl}}}",
"2": "proper noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{gen}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"g": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "Jerusalem",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Jerusalem",
"name": "enm-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English proper nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Middle English terms derived from Hebrew",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Cities in Israel",
"enm:Jerusalem",
"enm:National capitals",
"enm:Places in Israel",
"enm:Places in Palestine"
],
"glosses": [
"Jerusalem (claimed capital city of both Israel and Palestine)"
],
"links": [
[
"Jerusalem",
"Jerusalem#English"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"Israel",
"Israel#English"
],
[
"Palestine",
"Palestine#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌjɛrzaˈlɛːm/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈjɛrzalɛm/",
"note": "from Old English *Ġersalǣm"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌjurzaˈlɛːm/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈjurzalɛm/",
"note": "from Old English *Ġyrsalǣm"
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʒɛˌriu̯zaˈlɛːm/"
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʒɛˈriu̯zalɛm/",
"note": "from Old French Jherusalem"
}
],
"word": "Jerusalem"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Jerusalem meaning in Middle English (3.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.